LITERATURE

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Gender comparative research

Masculinity Research

Identity Development

Discourse Analysis

Gender/ Masculinity in different Nation States

 

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1. RELEVANT LITERATURE on Gender (comparative) Research

Alferi, T., Ruble, D. N., & Higgins, E. T. (1996). Gender stereotypes during adolescence: Developmental changes and the transition to Junior High school. Developmental Psychology, 32, 1129-1137.

Archer, J. (1996). Comparing women and men: What is being compared and why? American Psychologist, 51, 153-154.

Bucholtz, M. (1999). Bad examples. Transgression and progress in language and gender studies. In M. Bucholtz, A.C. Lang & L.A. Sutton (Eds.), Reinventing identities, The gendered self in discourse (pp. 3-24). New York: Oxford University Press.

Bucholtz, M., Liang, A.C., & Sutton, L.A. (1999). Reinventing identities. The gendered self in discourse. New York: Oxford University Press.

Burman, E. (1995). ‘What is it?’ Masculinity and femininity in cultural representations of childhood. In C. Kitzinger & S. Wilkinson (Eds.), Feminism and discourse: Psychological perspectives. London, UK: Sage Publications.

Burman, E. (1997). Deconstructing feminist psychology. London, England: Sage.

Butler, J. (1990). Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity. New York: Routledge.

Butler, J. (1993). Bodies that matter: On the discursive limits of "sex". New York: Routledge.

Cameron, D. (1995). Verbal hygiene. London, England: Routledge.

Cameron, D. (1998). Gender and language. Gender, language and discourse: A review essay. Signs: Journal of Women and Society, 23, 945-973.

Cervantes, C. A., & Callanan, M. A. (1998). Labels and explanations in mother-child emotion talk: Age and gender differentiation. Developmental Psychology, 34, 88-98.

Coates, J. (1993). Women, men, and language: A sociolinguistic account of sex differences (2nd edition). Oxford, England: Blackwell.

Conger, R., Ge, X., Elder, G. H., Lorenz, F. O., & Simons, R. L. (1994). Economic stress, coercive family processes and developmental problems of adolescents. Child Development, 65, 541-561.

Denham, S., Zoller, D., & Couchoud, E. A. (1994). Socialization of preschoolers’ emotion understanding. Developmental Psychology, 30, 928-936.

Dunn, J., Brown, J. R., & Beardsall, L. (1991). Family talk about feeling states and children’s later understanding of others’ emotions. Developmental Psychology, 27, 448-455.

Dunn, J., Brown, J. R., & Maguire, M. (1995). The development of children’s moral sensibility: Individual differences and emotion understanding. Developmental Psychology, 31, 649-659.

Eckert, P. (1989). Jocks and burnouts: Social categories and identity in the high school. New York: Teachers College Press.

Eckert, P. (2000). Linguistic variation as social practice. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.

Eron, L.D. (1992). Gender differences in violence: Biology and/or socialization?. In K. Bjorkqvist & P. Niemela (Eds.), Of mice and women: Aspects of female aggression (pp. 89-97). New York: Academic Press.

Fivush, R. (1993). Emotional content of parent-child conversations about the past. In C.A. Nelson (Ed.), Memory and affection development: The Minnesota Symposium on Child Psychology (pp. 39-78). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Gal, S. (1995). Language, gender, and power: An anthropological review. In K. Hall & M. Bucholtz (Eds.), Gender articulated: Language and the socially constructed self (pp. 169-182). New York: Routledge.

Goodwin, M. H. (1990). He-said-she-said: Talk as social organization among black children. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.

Goodwin, M. H., & Goodwin, C. (2000). Emotion within situated activity. In N. Budwig, I.C. Uzgiris & J.V. Wertsch (Eds.), Communication: An arena of development (pp. 33-53). Stamford, CT: Ablex.

Gregory, J. (1997). Three strikes and they’re out: African American boys and American schools’ responses to misbehavior. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 7, 25-34.

Hall, K., & Bucholtz, M. (Eds.). (1995). Gender articulated: Language and the socially constructed self. New York: Routledge.

Hollway, W. (1984). Gender difference and the production of subjectivity. In J. Henriques, W. Hollway, C. Urwin, C. Venn, & V. Walkerdine (Eds.), Changing the subject. Psychology, social regulation and subjectivity (pp. 227-263). London, UK: Methuen.

Holmes, J. (1995). Women, men, and politeness. London, England: Longman.

Jackson, A. W., & Hornbeck, D. W. (1989). Educating young adolescents: Why we must restructure middle grade schools. American Psychologist, 44, 831-836.

Johnson, S. (1997). Theorizing language and masculinity: A feminist perspective. In S. Johnson & U.H. Meinhof (Eds.), Language and masculinity (pp. 8-26). Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers.

Johnson, S., & Meinhof, U. H. (1997). Language and masculinity. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers.

Kotthoff, H., & Wodak, R. (Eds.) (1997). Communicating gender in context. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Lamb, M. E., Ketterlinus, R. D., & Fracasso, M. P. (1992). Parent-child relationships. In M.H. Bornstein & M.E. Lamb (Eds.). Developmental psychology: An advanced textbook, 3rd edition (pp. 465-518). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Livia, A., & Hall, K. (Eds.). (1997). Queerly phrased: Language, gender and sexuality. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

Maccoby, E. E. (1998). The two sexes: Growing up apart, coming together. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.

Maccoby, E., & Jacklin, C. (1974). The psychology of sex differences. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Morris, R. (1995). All made up: Performance theory and the new anthropology of sex and gender. Annual Review of Anthropology, 24, 567-592.

Ochs, E. (1992). Indexing gender. In A. Duranti & C. Goodwin, (Eds.), Rethinking context (pp. 335-358). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Olweus, D. (1978). Aggression in the schools: Bullies and whipping boys. New York: Wiley.

Parke, R. D. (1996). Fatherhood. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Rampton, B. (1995a). Crossing. Language and ethnicity among adolescents. London, England: Longman.

Rampton, B. (1995b). Language crossing and the problematisation of ethnicity and socialisation. Pragmatics, 5, 485-513.

Schoen, C., Davis, K., DesRoches, C., & Shekhdar, A. (1998). The health of adolescent boys. Boston, MA: Commonwealth Fund Survey Findings, June 1998.

Sommers, C.H. (2000). The war against boys. The Atlantic Monthly, 285 (5), 59-74.

Tannen, D. (1990) Gender differences in conversational coherence: Physical alignment and topical cohesion. In B. Dorval (Ed.), Conversational organization and its development (pp. 167-206). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

Tannen, D. (1993). The relativity of linguistic strategies: Rethinking power and solidarity in gender dominance. In D. Tannen (Ed.), Gender in conversational language (pp. 165-188). New York: Oxford University Press.

Tannen, D. (Ed.). (1994). Gender and discourse. New York: Oxford Univerasity Press.

Thorne, B. (1994). Gender play: Girls and boys in school. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.

West, C., & Zimmerman, D. H. (1987). Doing gender. Gender and Society, 1, 125-151.

Wilkinson, S., & Kitzinger, C. (1995). Feminism and discourse: Psychological perspectives. London, England: Sage.

Zimmerman, D., & West, C. (1975). Sex roles, interruptions and silences in conversation. In B. Thorne & N. Henley (Eds.), Language and sex: Difference and dominance (pp. 105-129). Rowley, MA.: Newbury House.

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2. RELEVANT LITERATURE on Masculinity Research

Anthony, E. (1993). American manhood: Transformation in masculinity from the revolution to the modern era. New York: Basic Books.

Archetti, E. P. (1999). Masculinities. Oxford, England: Berg.

Coates, J. (in progress). Men talk: Conversations between men friends. London, England: Longman.

Connell, R. W. (1989). Cool guys, swots, and wimps: The interplay of masculinity and education. Oxford Review of Education, 15, 291-303.

Connell, R. W. (1995). Masculinities. Oxford, UK: Polity Press.

Connell, R. W., Ashenden, D. J., Kessler, S., & Dowsett, G. W. (1982). Making the difference: Schools, families, and social division. Boston: Allen & Unwin.

Edley, N., & Wetherell, M. (1995). Men in perspective: Practice, power and identity. London, UK: Prentice Hall.

Farrell, W. (1994). The myth of male power: Why men are the disposable sex. London, England: Fourth Estate.

Gilmore, D. (1990). Manhood in the making: Cultural concepts of masculinity. New Haven, CT.: Yale University Press.

Gurian, M. (1998). A fine young man: What parents, mentors, and educators can do to shape adolescent boys into exceptional men. New York: Putnam Publishing.

Jansz, J. (1999). Doing identity: A conceptual framework for the study of contemporary masculinity. In W. Maiers, B. Bayer, B. Duarte Esgalhado. R. Jorna, & E. Schraube (Eds.), Challenges to theoretical psychology (pp. 261-268). North York, Ontario: Captus University Publications.

Johnson, S. (1997). Theorizing language and masculinity: A feminist perspective. In S. Johnson & U.H. Meinhof (Eds.), Language and masculinity (pp. 8-26). Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers.

Kindlon, D., & Thompson, M. (1999). Raising Cain: Protecting the emotional life of boys. New York: Ballantine.

McElhinny, B. S. (1995). Challenging hegemonic masculinities. In K. Hall & M. Bucholtz (Eds.), Gender articulated: Language and the socially constructed self (pp. 217-243). New York: Routledge.

Meinhof, U. H. (1997). ‘The most important event of my life!’ A comparison of male and female written narratives. In S. Johnson & U. H. Meinhof (Eds.), Language and masculinity (pp. 208-228). Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers.

Morgan, D. H. J. (1992). Discovering men. Critical studies on men and masculinities. 3. London, UK: Routledge.

Olweus, D. (1978). Aggression in the schools: Bullies and whipping boys. New York: Wiley.

Osherson, S. (1986). Finding our fathers: The unfinished business of manhood. New York: Free Press.

Pleck, J. H., Sonenstein, F. L., & Ku, L. C. (1993). Masculinity ideology: Its impact on adolescent males’ heterosexual relationships. Journal of Social Issues, 49, 11-29.

Pleck, J. H., Sonenstein, F. L., Ku, L. C., & Burbridge, L. C. (1996). Individual, family, and community factors modifying male adolescents’ risk behavior trajectory. Washington, DC: The Urban Institute.

Pollack, W. (1998). Real boys. Rescuing our sons from the myths of boyhood. New York: Random House.

Ross, J. M. (1994). What men want: Mothers, fathers and manhood. Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University Press.

Sattel, J. (1983). Men, inexpressiveness, and power. In B. Thorne, C. Kramarae & N. Henley (Eds.), Language, gender and society (pp. 119-124). New York: Newbury House.

Segal, L. (1990). Slow motion: Changing masculinities, changing men. London, UK: Virago.

Thompson, E. H., & Pleck, J. H. (1995). Masculinity ideologies: A review of research instrumentation on men and masculinities. In R. F. Levant & W. S. Pollack (Eds.), A new psychology of men (pp. 129-164). New York: Harper & Collins.

Thompson, E. H., Pleck, J. H., & Ferrera, D. (1992). Men and masculinities: Scales for masculinity ideology and masculinity-related constructs. Sex Roles, 27, 573-607.

Wetherell, M. (1999, May). Discursive psychology and psychoanalysis: Theorizing masculine subjectivities. Paper presented at the Millennium World Conference of Critical Psychology, University of Western Sydney.

Wetherell, M. (2000, March). Discourse analysis and conversation analysis as identity tools. Paper presented at the conference "From talk to identity: Theoretical and methodological issues," Clark University, Worcester, MA.

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3. RELEVANT LITERATURE on Developmental Research

Archer, J. (1988). The behavioral biology of aggression. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Alferi, T., Ruble, D. N., & Higgins, E. T. (1996). Gender stereotypes during adolescence: Developmental changes and the transition to Junior High school. Developmental Psychology, 32, 1129-1137.

Bamberg, M. (1997b). A constructivist approach to narrative development. In M. Bamberg (Ed.), Narrative development – Six approaches (pp. 89-132). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Bamberg, M. (1997c). Language, concepts and emotions. The role of language in the construction of emotions. Language Sciences, 19, 309-340.

Bamberg, M. (2000). Language and communication–what develops?–Determining the role of language practices for a theory of development. In N. Budwig, I. Uzgiris, & J. Wertsch (Eds.), Communication: Arena of development (pp. 55-77). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

Bamberg, M. (in press a). Why young American English-speaking children confuse anger and sadness: A study of grammar in practice. In K. Nelson, A. Aksu-Koc, & C. Johnson (Eds.), Children’s language, Vol. 10: Language in use, narratives and interaction.

Bennett, A., & Shaywitz, A.E. (1995). Sex differences in the functional organization of the brain for language. Nature, 373, 607-609.

Chodorow, N. (1978). The reproduction of mothering: Psychoanalysis and the sociology of gender. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Chodorow, N. (1989). Feminism and psychoanalytic theory. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Eckert, P. (2000). Linguistic variation as social practice. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.

Erickson, E. (1959). Identity and the life cycle. New York: International Universities Press.

Erickson, E. (1963). Childhood and society. New York: W.W. Norton.

Flannery, T. (1994). The future eaters. Melbourne, Australia: Reed.

Maccoby, E. E. (1998). The two sexes: Growing up apart, coming together. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.

Maccoby, E., & Jacklin, C. (1974). The psychology of sex differences. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Whiting, J. W. M. (1990). Adolescent rituals and identity conflicts. In J.W. Stigler, R.A. Shweder & G. Herdt (Eds.), Cultural psychology. Essays on comparative human development (pp. 357-365). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Wootton, A. J. (1997). Interaction and the development of mind. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

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4. RELEVANT LITERATURE on Discourse Analysis

Albrecht, T. L., Johnson, G. M., & Walther, J. B. (1993). Understanding communication processes in focus groups. In D.L. Morgan (Ed.), Successful focus groups: Advancing the state of the art (pp. 51-64). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

Antaki, C., & Widdicombe, S. (Eds.) (1998). Identities in talk. London, UK: Sage Publications.

Bamberg, M. (1997a). Positioning between structure and performance. Journal of Narrative and Life History, 7, 335-342.

Bamberg, M. (1997b). A constructivist approach to narrative development. In M. Bamberg (Ed.), Narrative development – Six approaches (pp. 89-132). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Bamberg, M. (1997c). Language, concepts and emotions. The role of language in the construction of emotions. Language Sciences, 19, 309-340.

Bamberg, M. (1999a). Is there anything behind discourse? Narrative and the local accomplishment of identities. In W. Maiers, B. Bayer, B. Duarte Esgalhado, R. Jorna, & E. Schraube (Eds.), Challenges to theoretical psychology (pp. 220-227). North York, Ontario: Captus University Publications.

Bamberg, M. (1999b). Identität in Erzählung und im Erzählen. Versuch einer Bestimmung der Besonderheit des narrativen Diskurses für die sprachliche Verfassung von Identität. Journal für Psychologie, 7, 43-55.

Bamberg, M. (1999c, July). Positioning and identity analysis in description, narration, and argumentation. Paper presented at the Luxembourg Conference "From talk to identity: Theoretical and methodological issues".

Bamberg, M. (2000). Language and communication–what develops?–Determining the role of language practices for a theory of development. In N. Budwig, I. Uzgiris, & J. Wertsch (Eds.), Communication: Arena of development (pp. 55-77). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

Bamberg, M. (in press a). Why young American English-speaking children confuse anger and sadness: A study of grammar in practice. In K. Nelson, A. Aksu-Koc, & C. Johnson (Eds.), Children’s language, Vol. 10: Language in use, narratives and interaction.

Biber, D. (1988). Variation across speech and writing. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Biber, D., & Finegan, E. (1989). Styles of stance in English: Lexical and grammatical marking of evidentiality and affect. Text, 9, 93-124.

Bruner, J. (1990). Acts of meaning. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Bruner, J. (1993). The autobiographical process. In R. Folkenflik (Ed.), The culture of autobiography (pp. 38-46). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Bruner, J. (1999). Self-making and world-making: Wie das Selbst und seine Welt autobiographisch hergestellt werden. Journal für Psychologie, 7, 11- 21.

Cameron, D. (1992). Feminism and linguistic theory (2nd edition). London, UK: Macmillan.

Cameron, D. (1998). Gender and language. Gender, language and discourse: A review essay. Signs: Journal of Women and Society, 23, 945-973.

Chafe, W. (1994). Discourse, consciousness, and time. The flow and displacement of conscious experience in speaking and writing. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Crowther, B. (1999). Writing as performance: Young girls’ diaries. In R. Josselson & A. Lieblich (Eds.), Making meaning in narratives (pp. 197-220). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Davis, B., & Harré, R. (1990). Positioning: The social construction of selves. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 20, 43-63.

Deppermann, A. (1999, July). Adolescents’ identities in interaction: A view from ethnographic conversation analysis. Paper given at the Luxembourg Conference "From talk to identity: Theoretical and methodological issues".

Duranti, A. (1997). Linguistic anthropology. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Eckert, P. (1989). Jocks and burnouts: Social categories and identity in the high school. New York: Teachers College Press.

Eckert, P. (2000). Linguistic variation as social practice. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.

Eder, D. (1995). School talk: Gender and adolescent culture. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.

Edley, N., & Wetherell, M. (1995). Men in perspective: Practice, power and identity. London, UK: Prentice Hall.

Fox, B. (1994). Contextualization, indexicality, and the distributed nature of grammar. Language Sciences , 16, 1-37.

Goodwin, M. H. (1990). He-said-she-said: Talk as social organization among black children. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.

Goodwin, M. H., & Goodwin, C. (2000). Emotion within situated activity. In N. Budwig, I.C. Uzgiris & J.V. Wertsch (Eds.), Communication: An arena of development (pp. 33-53). Stamford, CT: Ablex.

Gumperz, J. (1982a) Discourse strategies. Cambridge, Englamd: Cambridge University Press.

Gumperz, J. (1982b). Language and social identity. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University press.

Hanks, W. F. (1996). Language and communicative practices. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

Harré, R., & Gillett, G. (1994). The discursive mind. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Harré, R. & van Langenhove, L. (1999). Positioning theory: Moral contexts of intentional action. Oxford, England: Blackwell Publishers.

Heath, S. B. (1983). Ways with words: Language, life, and work in communities and classrooms. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Heath, S. B. (1994). Stories as ways of acting together. In A.H. Dyson & C. Geneshi (Eds.), The need for story: Cultural diversity in classroom and community (pp. 206-220). Champaign, IL: National council of Teachers of English.

Heath, S. B. (1998). Working through language. In S.M. Hoyle & C.T. Adger (Eds.), Kids talk: Strategic language use in later childhood (pp. 217-240). New York: Oxford University Press.

Heath, S. B., & Langman, J. (1994). Shared thinking and the register of coaching. In D. Biber & E. Finegan (Eds.), Sociolinguistic perspectives on register (pp. 82-105). New York: Oxford University Press.

Hollway, W., & Jefferson, T. (1997). Eliciting narrative through the in-depth interview. Qualitative Inquiry, 3, 53-70.

Hollway, W., & Jefferson, T. (1999). Gender, generation, anxiety, and the reproduction of culture. In R. Josselson & A. Lieblich (Eds.), Making meaning of narratives (pp. 107-139). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Hollway, W., & Jefferson, T. (1999, July). Doing qualitative research differently: Free association, narrative and the interview method. Sage publications <in press> -- Chapters discussed at the Luxembourg Conference "From talk to identity: Theoretical and methodological issues".

Hoyle, S. M., & Adger, C. T. (Eds.). (1998). Kids talk: Strategic language use in later childhood. New York: Oxford University Press.

Johnson, S. (1997). Theorizing language and masculinity: A feminist perspective. In S. Johnson & U.H. Meinhof (Eds.), Language and masculinity (pp. 8-26). Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers.

Labov, W. (1972a). Language in the inner city. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Labov, W. (1972b). Sociolinguistic patterns. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Labov, W. (1997). Some further steps in narrative analysis. Journal of Narrative and Life History, 7, 395-415 (special issue on "Oral versions of personal experience: Three decades of narrative analysis"; edited by M. Bamberg).

Linde, C. (1993). Life stories. New York: Oxford University Press.

Litowitz, B., & Gundlach, R. (1987). When adolescents write: Semiotic and social dimensions of adolescents’ personal writing. American Psychiatry, 14. 82-111.

Lucius-Hoene, G., & Deppermann, A. (1999, July). Narrative identity empiricized: A dialogical and positioning approach to autobiographical research interviews. Paper presented at the Luxembourg Conference "From talk to identity: Theoretical and methodological issues".

Meinhof, U. H. (1997). ‘The most important event of my life!’ A comparison of male and female written narratives. In S. Johnson & U. H. Meinhof (Eds.), Language and masculinity (pp. 208-228). Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers.

Morgan, D. L. (1988). Qualitative research methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

Morgan, D. L., & Krueger, R. A. (1998). The focus group kit (6 volumes). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Myers, G. (1998). Displaying opinions: Topics and disagreement in focus groups. Language in Society, 27, 85-111.

Nystrand, M. (1982). What writers know: The language, process, and structure of written discourse. New York: Academic Press.

Ochs, E. (1993). Constructing social identity: A language socialization perspective. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 26, 287-306.

Ochs, E. (1996). Linguistic resources for socializing humanity. In J. J. Gumperz & S. C. Levinson (Eds.), Rethinking linguistic relativity (pp. 407-437). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Ochs, E. (1997). Narrative. In T. van Dijk (Ed.), Discourse studies: A multidisciplinary introduction (pp. 185-207). London, UK: Sage Publications.

Phoenix, A. (1999, July). ‘I’m not going to make the mistakes they made’: Connecting the past and the future in young people’s gendered narratives. Paper presented at the Luxembourg Conference "From talk to identity: Theoretical and methodological issues".

Redeker, G. (1984). On differences between spoken and written language. Discourse Processes, 7, 43-55.

Romaine, S. (1999). Communicating gender. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Schiffrin, D. (1987). Discourse markers. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Schiffrin, D. (1988). Sociolinguistic approaches to discourse: Topic reference in narrative. In K. Ferrera (Ed.), Linguistic change and contact: Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Conference on New Ways of Analyzing Variation (pp. 1-28). Austin: University of Texas Press.

Schiffrin, D. (1994). Approaches to discourse. Oxford, England: Basil Blackwell.

Schiffrin, D. (1996). Narrative as self portrait: The sociolinguistic construction of identity. Language in Society, 25, 167-204.

Schiffrin, D. (1997). Stories in answers to questions in research interviews. Journal of Narrative and Life History, 7, 129-137.

Silverman, D. (1993). Interpreting qualitative data: Strategies for analysing talk, text and interaction. London, England: Sage.

Silverman, D. (1998). Analysing conversation. In C. Seale (Ed.), Researching society and culture (pp. 261-274). London, England: Sage.

Silverman, D. (2000). Analyzing talk and text. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research, 2nd edition (pp. 821-834). Thousand Oaks, A: Sage.

Sosin, D. A. (1983). The diary as a transitional object in female adolescent development. Adolescent Psychiatry, 11, 92-103.

Stanton, B. F., Black, M., Kaljee, L., & Ricardo, I. (1993). Perceptions of sexual behavior among urban early adolescents: Translating theory through focus groups. Journal of Early Adolescence, 13, 44-66.

Talbot, J., Bibace, R., Bokhour, B., & Bamberg, M. (1996). Affirmation and resistance of dominant discourses. Journal of Narrative and Life History, 6, 225-251.

Tannen, D. (1990) Gender differences in conversational coherence: Physical alignment and topical cohesion. In B. Dorval (Ed.), Conversational organization and its development (pp. 167-206). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

Tannen, D. (1993). The relativity of linguistic strategies: Rethinking power and solidarity in gender dominance. In D. Tannen (Ed.), Gender in conversational language (pp. 165-188). New York: Oxford University Press.

Tannen, D. (Ed.) (1994). Gender and discourse. New York: Oxford Univerasity Press.

Wetherell, M. (1999, May). Discursive psychology and psychoanalysis: Theorising masculine subjectivities. Paper presented at the Millennium World Conference of Critical Psychology, University of Western Sydney.

Widdicombe, S. (1999, July). Accounting for male identities in Syria: Exploring the utility of a conversation analytic approach. Paper given at the Luxembourg Conference "From talk to identity: Theoretical and methodological issues".

Widdicombe, S., & Wooffitt, R. (1995). The language of youth subcultures. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf.

Wilkinson, S. (1998a). Focus group methodology: A review. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 1, 181-203.

Wilkinson, S. (1998b). Focus groups in feminist research: Power, interaction, and the co-construction of meaning. Women’s Studies International Forum, 21, 111-125.

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5. RELEVANT LITERATURE on Gender/Masculinity Research across different Nation States

Arilha, M., Ridenti, S., Medrado, B. (Eds.) (1998). Homens e Masculinidades.(Men and Masculinities) São Paulo: Editora 34.

Boechat, W. (Ed.) (1997). O Masculino em Questão.(Focus on Masculinity). Petrópolis: Vozes.

Caldas, D. (Ed.) (1997). Homens (Men). São Paulo: Senac.

Castelles, M. (2000). End of millennium. Information age, Vol. 3. Oxford, England: Blackwell.

Giddens, A. (2000). Runaway world: How globalization is reshaping our lives. London, England: Routledge.

Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: International differences in work-related values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

Hofstede, G. (1983). Dimensions of national cultures in fifty countries and three regions. In J.B. Deregowski, S. Dziurawiec, & R.C. Annis (Eds.), Expiscations in cross-cultural psychology (pp. 335-355). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.

Hofstede, G. (1991). Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind. London: McGraw-Hill.

Hofstede, G. (1998). Masculinity/Femininity as a national characteristic. In G. Hofstede & Associates (Eds.), Masculinity and femininity: The taboo dimensions of national cultures (pp. 3-28). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Ito, K. (1996). DANSEIGAKU NYUMON (Introduction to men's studies). Tokyo: Sakuhin-sya.

Karatani, K. (2000). RINRI 21(Ethics 21). Tokyo: Heibon-sya.

Kimura, R. (1999). GAKKO BUNKA TO GENDER (School culture and gender). Tokyo: Keiso-syobo.

Louro, G. (1998). Gênero, Sexualidade e Educação (Gender, Sexuality and Education). Petrópolis: Vozes.

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